System of fireproof building construction.



C. WDONALDSON.

SYSTEMOF FIREPROOF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATIN .FIQED SEPT. 2T. 1917.

Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

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Womlabom "C. W.. DONALDSON. SYYSTEM -0F FIHEPROOE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.Y

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Patented Feb. 4,1919.-

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'forms which I employ cierren CHARLES W. DOIILDSON', 0F AKRON,

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ASSIGNOR TO DONALDSO ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF PITTSBRGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF FIREPROOF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

.Patented Febu et, itali-.

Application led September 27, 1917. Serial No. 193,514.

To all," '2v/'tom t muy concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. DON- ALDsoN, a citizen of the UnitedStates,1'e siding at Akron, in the county of Summit and State of Ohio,lhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems ofFireproof Building Construction of which the following is aspecification,

The improvements of this invention havev to do with fireproof buildingconstruction and embody a system of such construction wherein I employ anovel method and structures whereby to erect buildings which are notonly reproof but comprise double walls where necessary or desirable,allowing a .free circulation of air at the inside and outside faces ot.main walls, with the customary advantages of damp-proofness, coolnessin the summer, and warmth in the winter.

The method of construction which I pursuein carrying out mysystemincludes as one of the most essential phases of my invention a mode oferecting main and partition walls, beams, floors and roofs of reinforcedconcrete, the customary use of wood forms being entirely dispensed with.The

may be said to comprise elements of such structures themselves forthereason that I utilize metall lath which enters into the wall or otherunit of construction as a reinforcing element, as the form or a side ofthe form by'which the particular unit is constructed. In carrying out mymethod, for instance, as applied to a wall construction, a metal lathform is made by erecting the lath so as to providespaced sides similarto the sides of a form, these sides being rendered substantiallyimperforate by applying thereto a cement mortar, permitting said mortarto reach the final stages of setting, and

. thereafter filling in to the space between the form sides thusprovided 'the concrete,

where a solid wall, beam, rafter, or similar unit is tofbe made.

In addition to the foregoing method, my invention comprehends specialconstructions of solid, and hollow walls, beams both outsideu andinside, columns, and ceiling and corner constructions as will behereinafter fully presented.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a perspective view partly in section and partly inelevation, showing a conventional type of building erected in fully thewall 'trated in Figs.

tain of the elements of said construction prior to completion 1g. el isa view similar to Fig. 2 showing a solid -or partition wallconstruction;

Fig. 5 is a perspective View tion illustrating my main or outside beamconstruction;

Fig. G is a detail perspective bringing out more clearly the method `ofreinforcement of the metal la'th used for beam and floor constructionFig. if is a View in elevation partly broken away and partly in sectionshowing more and beam constructions illus- 2, 3 and; and y Figs. 8 and 9are horizontal sections of column and corner column details.

eferring particularly to the main wall construction illustrated in Figs.Q and 3, it will be observed that the wall is made up of aninsidesection 1 and an outside section 2. The outside section is first erectedand partly in sec-v 4consists of extra heavy metal lath on which arehung by means of wire, ete.A the beam hangers 3 and to which arefastened the base forms 4. The outside section 2 is then supplied with acoat of cementmortar on both sides of the metal lath designated 2a, themortar being shown at 5. A three by four, 0r other suitable sized,sill 6is then placedin the base form and forms a nailing ground for a baseboard and also for the inside metal lath 2D of the inside section l ofthe wall. The mortar 5 on the outside wall sec` tion 2 is permitted teset before the inside work is started. Struts in the form or" blocks 7are placed between `the wire ties fastened to the outside wall and formspacers between the inside and outside sections as' seen best in Fig. 2.Verticalbattens 8 may now be placed in position and are held in place bythe wire ties 9, intermediate the blocks 7 by drawing said ties taut.The metal lath 2b vof the inside section 1 of this wall is now securelyfastened to the battens 8 and is coated with a rich mortar of cementapplied to its outer surface. In this manner I provide a most excellentmain hollow wall construction, the advantages of which will be obviousto those versed in the art..

los

. Fig. 4 illustrates an inside or partition wall. In this instance, formthe wall by using the heavy metal lath 10 plastered with the richcementmortar preferably, on'both sides. At its lower end the lath is clampedbetween two wood strips 11 which provide the necessary nailing groundfor base boards. At its Vupper end the lath is run up etween the curvedends of the floor beam lath, and firmly tied thereto by suitable metalties. Previous to the pouring of the concrete for the fi'oor slabs andHoor beams the base strips 11 and the head portions of the lath areproperly set in place. Furthermore, where openings such as those forwindows and doors are provided in the partition, wood strips will beframed about such openings.

Fig. 5 of the drawings,`and also Fig. 2 in less detail, illustrate theconstruction of the main beams which will now be set forth. The mainbeam is formed around the outside wall of the building and it iscontemplated to use the reinforcing structure therefor as the form in oron which the concrete for the beam is poured, the reinforcing beambecoming embedded in said concrete on one side and being covered withcement structure on its opposite side, the latter being applied first inorder to establish the desired imperforateness of the reinforcementnecessary as previously suggested to 4enable the reinforcingr means tomost effectively perform the desired function of a form member,

Referring to Fig. 5 it will be seen that on the outside wall section aremounted special hangers 12 consisting of lower angular portions 12 andupper curved extensions 12". The angular portions directly engage oroverlap the inside section 1 of the wall as shown at 12, and saidangular' portions arel of somewhat U-form, thereby constituting spacingmembers between the sections 1 and 2 aswell as beam forms.

special hangers 12, and designated 13, are placed between the hangers12, which are spaced apart a suitable distance, said lath forms 13together with the hangers constituting a Y continuous form for the beam.

It will be observed on reference to Figs. 2 and 5 that the floor lath 14at its curved end rests on and is suitably connected by ties with thehangers 12 and lath forms 13, and therefore constitutes the member ofscribed are firmly connected by wire ties, reinforcing rods such asshown at 15 and 16 are placed in position in the space in which the beamwill ultimately be molded; thereafter the under side or outside face ofthe beam foi. i and floor lath are covered with the coat of cementmortar such as hereinbefore referred to, and after said mortar has AMetal lath forms somewhat similar in shape to the contemplate providinginside reinforcing. the beam. The parts 3ust debeen allowed to set toits nal stages the concrete for the beam and also for the floor slabs ispoured.

Where the beam runs over' door openings, wooden strips are placedbetween the hangers 12 as shown in Fig. 5 at 17, in substitution for themetal lath forms 13, and provide nailing strips for head casings andheads of window forms.

The fioor construction employed by me has been partially describedabove, but especial note is made of the manner in which the fioor lath14 is reinforced by crimping or clenchingportions thereof aroundreinforcing rods o'r bars 18, which extend across 80 the lath beneaththe same. .Wood strips are embedded in the surface ofl the concretepoured for the floor slabs, as shown at 19, Figs. 2, 5 and 7, and formnailing bases for thefinished fiooring boards.

v The inside beam construction used by me .is shown best in Fig; 4 andthe structure is made up of the. downwardly curved ends of the metallath 14 forming the ceiling or floor reinforcement. The lath of courseacts not only as an eXtra reinforcement but offers a base for theplastered ceiling shown at 20. When'the lath sections are properlysecured together as shown in Fig. 4, at opposite sides of the heavymetal lath 10 of the inside par- 95 tition wall, the under sides of thelath sections 20 are plastered with mortar and'when this plaster hasnearly set the concrete for thc inside beams and floors is poured afterthe .manner hereinbefore suggested,l

The columns used by me are constructed as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, theoutside faces of the columns forming the curved corners of the roomsinside of the structure. In other words, the heavy metal lath 10 of the105 inside or partition walls is connected at opposite sides with thecurved lath sections' 21, the latter in turn connecting with other ofthe partition walls in an evident manner when Fig. 8 is referred to, andthese lath 110 sections 21 lwith a coating of cement mortar appliedthereto constitute very` adequate forms'when said mortar has set. Theconcrete for the column is poured into these forms and thus the columnand the curved 115 corner walls, so to speak, of the rooms of thebuilding are simultaneously made.' I suitable vertical reinforcing rodsproperly tied together, for the inside columns designated 22 as a whole,120 said reinforcing elements being denoted 23.

In Fig. 9 a corner column detail is illustrated, these columns beingoutside columns1 forming virtually a part of the main or outer wallconstruction of Here the inside wall section 1 and the outside wallsection 2 form in connection with special narrow lath sections 24, theform in which the concrete is poured to make the column, the lath 2" ofthe inside wall sections 134 window or 1,293,377 l being Joined togetheron a curved line so secured to the base portion of said lath secthat t einside of the column is curved and tion, beam hangers secured to theupper p0rmakes the desired curved vcorner for the the manner in whichthe ceiling curves to meet the Walls, as more sanitary than thecustomary-shaped corner constructions on account of lesser possibilitiesof collectionl by the dotted rendered solid, the concrete being pouredthe Wall sections 1, l suc space up to a point approximately at theground level. Obviously the Wall sections l and 2 Iaving thus describedmy invention, what claim as new is z`- l. i concrete wall comprising anouter `lath section, plastic material applied to the outer surface ofsaid lath section, base forms in Figs. 8 and 9, the Walls l tion of saidlath section, an inner lath section connected with the spaced relationthereto to said base forms andbeam hangers, plastic material innerlait-h section, the b said hangers and forming with the hangers acontinuous beam form, and concrete poured into said beam form andpermitted to iarden.

2. Concrete construction consisting of an outer section made up of eavymetal lath having mortar applied thereto on opposite sides, base formsconnected with the lower portion of said lath, and beam hangersconnected ywith the upper portion, battens spaced from. the inner sideof said outer section, spacing' blocks intermediate the battens and saidouter section, cured to said battens, mortar and eani supported by saidWall, said battens being so arranged as to support the beam hangersaforesaid.

n testimony whereof I aHX my signature.

CHARLES W. DONALDSON.

